The primary sign of mumps is swollen salivary glands that cause the cheeks to puff out. Other signs and symptoms may include:. See your doctor if you or your child has signs and symptoms of mumps. Mumps is highly contagious for about nine days after symptoms appear. Tell your doctor's office before you go in that you suspect mumps so arrangements can be made to avoid spreading the virus to others in the waiting room. Mumps has become uncommon, so it's possible that another condition is causing your signs and symptoms.
Swollen salivary glands and a fever could indicate:. Mumps is caused by a virus that spreads easily from person to person through infected saliva. If you're not immune, you can contract mumps by breathing in saliva droplets from an infected person who has just sneezed or coughed.
You can also contract mumps from sharing utensils or cups with someone who has mumps. The best way to prevent mumps is to be vaccinated against the disease. Most people have immunity to mumps once they're fully vaccinated. The mumps vaccine is usually given as a combined measles-mumps-rubella MMR inoculation, which contains the safest and most effective form of each vaccine. Two doses of the MMR vaccine are recommended before a child enters school.
Those vaccines should be given when the child is:. College students, international travelers and health care workers in particular are encouraged to make sure they've had two doses of the MMR vaccine.
A single dose is not completely effective at preventing mumps. The mumps virus is part of the paramyxovirus family, a common cause of infection, especially in children.
If a pregnant woman contracts mumps in the first weeks of her pregnancy, she will have a slightly increased risk of miscarriage. As rare as some of these complications are, it is important to seek medical advice or help if an individual suspects they or their child, may be developing them.
Normally, mumps can be diagnosed by its symptoms alone, especially by examining the facial swelling. A doctor might also:. The mumps vaccine is the best method for preventing mumps; it can come on its own or as part of the MMR vaccine. The MMR vaccine also defends the body against rubella and measles. The MMR vaccine is given to an infant when they are just over 1 year old and again, as a booster, just before they start school.
Anyone born after the s would most probably have been given the MMR vaccine but, if unsure, it is always good to check with a doctor. The mumps vaccine is routinely given to children in 82 countries. In many of these countries, encephalitis and deafness related to mumps have nearly disappeared. An adult can be given the MMR at any age; a doctor may advise someone to take the vaccine before traveling abroad to certain regions, including:.
If suffering from cancer or a disease that lowers the immune system, a doctor would need to be consulted before the MMR vaccine is considered. A new study publishing May 21 in Cell Reports has an explanation: The surface proteins that the measles virus uses to enter cells are ineffective if they suffer any mutation, meaning that any changes to the virus come at a major cost.
The researchers used a high-throughput approach to mutate all of the genes in a virus in one experiment -- a useful way to understand the future of viral evolution. They inserted mutations across the measles genome and looked to see whether the viruses were still capable of infection.
They found that measles could not tolerate any mutations to the proteins that are recognized by the human immune system, making it very unlike influenza. We thought that they may be less tolerant than the influenza proteins, but we were surprised by the magnitude of the difference. It's only possible to speculate why the measles virus would find an evolutionary advantage to being so rigid, but one hypothesis is that measles uses a more complex strategy to get into human cells than influenza.
Influenza, for instance, simply requires the binding of one of the sugars that decorate the outside of cells as a means of getting inside. Prince Andrew. Tax credit. Trump video. Florida slayings. Unvaccinated tax. David Culley. Record kicks. Voting rights bill. Health News.
Researchers say that an uptick in mumps cases among adult college students who have been vaccinated against the disease suggests the vaccine may not be as effective as it once was -- though they're not sure why. Latest Headlines. Arthritis can keep a cat from doing many of the things that kitties love to do. But now there's hope: The first treatment to ease arthritis pain in cats has been approved by the U.
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